US marketing operations guide

MLR review: how the medical, legal and regulatory review process works

What each reviewer is actually checking, the stages a promotional piece moves through, why copy gets sent back — and a submission-ready checklist you can run before your next MLR review.

What this page is. A marketing operations orientation to medical, legal and regulatory (MLR) review for US promotional material. It is not legal, medical or regulatory advice, and it does not replace your company SOPs, your approved product labelling, or the judgement of your own MLR reviewers.

What MLR review means

MLR stands for medical, legal and regulatory review: the internal approval process every piece of promotional material passes through before it can be used. Three different reviewers read the same copy for different risks.

Medical review

A medical reviewer checks that every claim is scientifically accurate, supported by the cited data, and consistent with the approved label. They look at whether the data actually says what the copy implies.

Practical read: cite the specific endpoint and population. A study that supports a narrower claim than the one you wrote is the most common reason copy comes back.

Legal review

Legal review covers liability, comparative and superiority claims, intellectual property, third-party content, and contractual or trademark obligations attached to the assets you are using.

Practical read: any word implying 'better than' needs a head-to-head reference. Testimonials, logos and stock imagery need documented rights.

Regulatory review

Regulatory review maps the piece against promotional requirements — truthful and non-misleading presentation, fair balance, the established name, and required safety and prescribing information for the format.

Practical read: fair balance is judged per asset. Risk information cannot live on a landing page while the benefit claim runs on social.

The MLR review process, stage by stage

  1. 1

    Brief and claim set

    The team agrees the audience, channel, key message and the specific claims in scope, each mapped to a reference before drafting starts.

  2. 2

    Draft with references attached

    Copy is written with a reference block, safety information and mandatory statements included from the first version rather than added later.

  3. 3

    Submission into the review system

    The piece enters the promotional review workflow (often Veeva PromoMats or Vault) with the annotated references, audience and channel metadata.

  4. 4

    Reviewer comments and revision

    Medical, legal and regulatory reviewers comment in parallel or in sequence. Revisions address each comment explicitly and are resubmitted.

  5. 5

    Approval, expiry and reuse

    Approved material carries an approval code and an expiry date. Reuse in a new channel or audience usually means a new review, not a copy-paste.

Submission-ready copy checklist

Run this before the piece enters review. Most rework comes from a handful of avoidable gaps rather than disagreements about the message.

  • Audience and channel are stated on the submission — HCP or consumer, organic or paid, US-only or global.
  • Every claim is mapped to a specific reference, with the endpoint and population named.
  • No comparative or superiority language without a head-to-head reference supporting it.
  • Risk and safety information appears in the same asset as the benefit claim, with comparable prominence.
  • The established (non-proprietary) name accompanies the brand name where required.
  • Indication statement matches the approved label wording, not a paraphrase.
  • Required safety statement, adverse event reporting line and prescribing information route are present for the format.
  • Truncation checked — headline, preview text and character-limited placements still carry balance.
  • Third-party content (images, quotes, logos, data figures) has documented permission.
  • References formatted consistently and numbered in order of appearance.
  • Nothing implies use outside the approved indication, including in hashtags or imagery.
  • Version, date and previous approval code included so reviewers can diff against the last approved piece.

Why copy comes back from MLR

Reason for reworkWhat to do differently
Claim outruns the dataState the endpoint and the population in the claim itself, and cite the trial that measured exactly that.
Fair balance split across assetsPut safety information in the same post, email or ad as the benefit claim — not behind a link.
Implied superiorityRemove 'leading', 'best-in-class' and similar unless a head-to-head study supports it.
Missing mandatory elementsBuild the established name, indication and safety block into the layout from draft one.
Channel reuse without re-reviewTreat each channel and audience as a separate submission; approval is scoped to the original use.

Go deeper

Marketing in the UK as well? Read the ABPI Code of Practice guide for the equivalent UK requirements.